Download PDF by Felix V. Dolzhansky (auth.): Fundamentals of Geophysical Hydrodynamics
By Felix V. Dolzhansky (auth.)
ISBN-10: 3642310338
ISBN-13: 9783642310331
ISBN-10: 3642310346
ISBN-13: 9783642310348
This newly-translated ebook takes the reader from the fundamental ideas and conservation legislation of hydrodynamics to the outline of basic atmospheric movement. one of the themes lined are the Kelvin, Ertel and Rossby-Obukhov invariants, quasi-geostrophic equation, thermal wind, singular Helmholtz vortices, derivation of the Navier-Stokes equation, Kolmogorov's circulation, hydrodynamic balance, and geophysical boundary layers. Generalizing V. Arnold's method of hydrodynamics, the writer ingeniously brings in an analogy of Coriolis forces performing on fluid with movement of the Euler heavy most sensible and exhibits how this is often utilized in the research of basic atmospheric circulation.
This publication relies on well known graduate and undergraduate classes given via F.V.Dolzhansky on the Moscow Institute of Physics and know-how, and is the results of the author's hugely acclaimed paintings in Moscow's Laboratory of Geophysical Hydrodynamics. every one bankruptcy is filled with examples and figures, workouts and tricks, motivating and illustrating either theoretical and experimental effects. The exposition is finished but easy in enticing and exploring the wide diversity of issues for college students and researchers in arithmetic, physics, meteorology and engineering.
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Extra info for Fundamentals of Geophysical Hydrodynamics
Sample text
Here Ωz = ∂v/∂x − ∂u/∂y is the vertical component of vorticity (all other components vanish because of the two-dimensionality of the motion) and dσ is the area of any horizontal cross-section of a liquid column. This area is bounded by an infinitesimal closed contour C (see Fig. 1) contained entirely in the plane (x, y). Note that dσ = m/ρ0 H , where the mass m of the column comprised of the same particles remains unchanged during the motion. Then the Lagrangian invariance of K implies Lagrangian invariance of the quantity ΠRO = Ωz /H.
More precisely, it is a collection of thermo-isolated thermodynamical systems that are fluid parcels whose macroscopic state is described by two independent parameters, for instance, pressure p and density ρ. (This is true provided that there are no chemical reactions or phase transitions. ) Such a consideration is possible if the time required to come to a thermodynamic equilibrium is much smaller than the characteristic time for medium macroscopic changes. N. , (Uhlenbeck and Ford, 1965). In the latter case the laws of equilibrium thermodynamics are applicable locally and to close up the equations of motion one can use the second law of thermodynamics.
2. The balance equation for the helicity of a homogeneous rotating fluid in a potential field Φ has the form ∂ u(rot u + 4 ∂t 0) = −div u u(rot u + 2 0) + p 1 + Φ − u2 rot u + 4 ρ0 2 0 p +Φ ρ0 . Show this by using the equations of motion written in a rotating coordinate system (see Sect. K. Batchelor, An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge Math. Library series, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1967. E. A. V. Roze, Theoretical Hydromechanics, GITTL, Moscow, 1955 (in Russian). V. Petersburg, 1993 (in Russian), Adiabatic Invariants in Large-Scale Atmospheric Dynamics, Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2002 (In English).
Fundamentals of Geophysical Hydrodynamics by Felix V. Dolzhansky (auth.)
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