Download e-book for kindle: Disturbance and Ecosystems: Components of Response by G. M. Woodwell (auth.), Prof. Harold A. Mooney, Prof. M.

Nonfiction 8

By G. M. Woodwell (auth.), Prof. Harold A. Mooney, Prof. M. Godron (eds.)

ISBN-10: 3642691374

ISBN-13: 9783642691379

ISBN-10: 3642691390

ISBN-13: 9783642691393

The earth's landscapes are being more and more impacted by means of the actions of guy. regrettably, we don't have a whole figuring out of the results of those disturbances at the earth's effective means. This challenge used to be addressed via a gaggle of French and U.S. ecologists who're experts at degrees of integration extending from genetics to the biosphere at a gathering at Stanford, California, backed by means of the nationwide technology starting place and the Centre nationwide de l. a. Recherche Scientifique. With a couple of very important exceptions it used to be stumbled on at this assembly that almost all man-induced disturbances of ecosystems may be considered as huge­ scale styles of disturbances that experience happened, more often than not on a small scale, in ecosystems via evolutionary time. guy has brought about dramatic large-scale adjustments within the setting which has to be seen on the biosphere point. Acid deposition and CO bring up are 2 examples of the results of man's elevated usage of fossil fuels. it's a subject of substantial main issue that we won't but totally are expecting the ecological results of those environmental adjustments. Such difficulties has to be addressed on the foreign point, but major mechanisms to do that aren't available.

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We have mentioned the primary characteristics which differentiate landscapes. But what are the types of landscapes produced? We will not approach the task of a classification of landscapes, and further, will ignore particular disturbance regimes and geomorphologic differences. Rather we wish to focus on the types of modified landscapes produced by disturbance regimes. Six broad patterns are suggested, which differ in the level of human modification. 20 M. Godron and R. T. T. ) is produced by a natural disturbance regime in the absence of significant human effects.

Therefore, resistance to senescence is a predominant physiological response. This is particularly clear with tannin-rich woody plants versus "softwood" trees and herbaceous plants. Management is, for the organisms involved, a series of accidents or disturbances. In managed landscapes, resistance to disturbances will be important. In modern agriculture it will be largely resistance to pesticides. In the most artificial landscapes, it will be resistance to pollutants (Fig. 1). 11 Conclusion This brief review of variation in landscape characteristics which are modified by human activities, emphasizes that several important areas are essentially unstudied.

2 Strip Corridors Strip corridors, excluding stream corridors, appear to be mainly a product of human modification of the landscape. Although generally of limited abundance, 24 M. Godron and R. T. T. Forman B. STR IP CORRIDORS A. LINE CORRIDORS HIGH LOW i 2 :3 4 5 6 LANDSCAPE MODIFICATION LEVEL C. STREAM CORRIDORS D. NETWORKS HIGH HIGH 2 E. HABITATIONS :3 4 5 6 F. ,:-~---J:--I. J6~ Fig. 4. Effect oflandscape modification on linkage characteristics ofthe landscape. See legend for Fig. 3 they are predominantly in the intermediate levels of modification (Fig.

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Disturbance and Ecosystems: Components of Response by G. M. Woodwell (auth.), Prof. Harold A. Mooney, Prof. M. Godron (eds.)


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