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Extra info for Predictive and Optimised Life Cycle Management: Buildings and Infrastructure

Example text

3]. 3]. Theory, systematics and methods 31 These small variations can be calculated by means of a bounded Gaussian distribution defined with: ⎧ ⎨Mean: = 1 variation ⎩Standard deviation: = 3 It is then bounded in lower values and upper values respectively by (1 − variation) and (1 + variation). e. 7% of a Gaussian distribution is included between ( − 3 ) and ( + 3 )). After n simulations, the various ranking of alternatives of strategies and actions and analysis of the variations will be carried out.

2 Factors and causes of obsolescence In this part of the obsolescence analysis, the possible causes for the different obsolescence types are sought after. e. so called top events are revealed, using fault tree analysis. In the obsolescence analysis these top events mean the obsolescence indicators of different obsolescence types. 3 for detailed description of the procedure. g. increased traffic on the route where the bridge is located, new type of ships that cannot dock to the existing wharf, etc.

Veto A veto threshold >v is also defined. a >v b means that the difference between a and b for criterion j is such that a is definitely unacceptable in comparison with b (the outclassing of a compared to b is rejected even if a outclasses b concerning all the other criteria). Example Let the veto threshold for the criterion ‘maximum speed’ be v USpeed = 20 km h−1 . Then USpeed Car 1 + v USpeed < USpeed Car 2 since 165 + 20 < 195 ⇒ Car 2 is definitely preferred to Car 1 (whatever the other criteria are) Theory, systematics and methods 43 These definitions are not valid for some criteria.

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