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Additional info for Offset-Dependent Reflectivity - Theory and Practice of AVO Analysis

Example text

Chapter 7 describes how to use routine core data for reservoir characterization work. Chapter 8 shows how to use special core analysis. Chapter 9 discusses how to extract information from well logs. Chapter 10 discusses how to reconcile sometimes contradictory data from cores, well logs, and pressure transient analysis. Also discussed are permeability, flow diagnostics, initialization of the reservoir, mapping, identifying outer boundaries of reservoirs, classifying the reservoir, and constructing a three-dimensional representation of the reservoir.

To segregation drive, except the “horizontal” (parallel to formation dip) permeability is used instead of the vertical permeability. Because the lateral permeability is usually higher than the vertical permeability, resistance from the rock to the separation process is typically less than in a segregated drive. The oil and gas flow in opposite directions, causing counterflow. The counterflow occurs in highly permeable, thick formations with vertical fractures or vugs and conditions such as low oil viscosity and a reasonable high degree of dip.

The deposit may also fracture when deformed under compaction or tectonic forces. Fracture porosity is usually a small fraction of the total porosity. Carbonates The effect of diagenesis on carbonate porosity is usually more significant and more complex than on clastics because the carbonates are more reactive and soluble in water than is silica. 3 Schematic of diagenesis pathways in clastics. Adapted from Selley, 1998. Rock and Fluid Properties 43 burial due to compaction and cementation. However, minerals are leached out of carbonates as water migrates through the formation.

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