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Extra resources for Electronic Waste: Recycling Techniques

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Before electrostatic separation is applied, it is essential that the material is submitted to a grinding process, because one of the prerequisites for efficient material separation is an appropriate particle size. For large particles the release between metals and non-metals is poor. This occurs because these particles have a low surface charge due to the low specific surface area and the electrostatic force acting on them is therefore smaller than the individual weight of each particle, which decreases the efficiency of the process.

There are also two processes that can significantly influence the mass transfer during leaching: one is heat transfer and the other is the change in structure during the solid reaction [4]. 1 [3]. km A(Cs − C) dM = dt δ where: A δ C Cs M km is the area of the solid-liquid interface, is the effective thickness of the liquid film surrounding the particles, is the concentration of the solute in the bulk solution at time t, is the concentration of the saturated solution in contact with the particles, is the mass of solute transferred at time t, and is the diffusion coefficient.

In static separators, the driving force for the separation of the floated ­fraction from the sunken fraction is gravity. These devices are tanks that o­perate ­continuously, which means that ore or material and the dense medium are fed ­continuously [19]. Static separators have a high separation efficiency and the performance is little influenced by particle size when compared to other types of separators, such as hydraulic and pneumatic separators. However, due to the agitation and the height of the separator, finer particles and particles with densities close to the dense medium, often do not have enough time to sink or float.

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