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Extra info for Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska's North Slope: Activities on Alaska's North Slope

Example text

And Nuiqsut were abandoned, and then resettled in the 1970s, mainly by former residents of Barrow. SOURCE: NSB 1999. bAtqasuk 19 20 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS OF ALASKA NORTH SLOPE OIL AND GAS Isolation from major transportation routes and the area’s inability to produce construction materials and agricultural products mean that the prices of goods and the cost of transporting them to the North Slope are considerably higher than in the rest of Alaska or the continental United States. 03 (NSB 1999) and perhaps double that amount in outlying North Slope villages.

Although the NEPA requires EISs for many major projects, if those projects are considered separately from similar projects or in isolation from different kinds of projects in the same area, some of their effects—their cumulative effects—are likely to be missed. In 1978, the Council on Environmental Quality promulgated regulations implementing the NEPA that are binding on all federal agencies (40 CFR Parts 1500-1508 [1978]). A cumulative effect was defined as “the incremental impact of the action when added to other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions.

The following are generic cycles, based on a combination of village and regional data sets (Figure 2-1). For people in most North Alaskan villages, individual participation in the contemporary annual subsistence cycle is both voluntary and variable. Few individuals participate in all activities in every season, but most participate in some. Both the system and the patterns have changed as Alaska Natives have established fixed residential bases and have incorporated new technologies into their subsistence system.

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