Unknown's Toxicological profiles - Thallium PDF

Pharmacology

By Unknown

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Extra info for Toxicological profiles - Thallium

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The preferred biomarkers of exposure are generally the substance itself or substance-specific metabolites in readily obtainable body fluid(s) or excreta. However, several factors can confound the use and interpretation of biomarkers of exposure. The body burden of a substance may be the result of exposures from more than one source. , high urinary levels of phenol can result from exposure to several different aromatic compounds). , duration and route of exposure), the substance and all of its metabolites may have left the body by the time biologic samples can be taken.

The dot does not imply anything about the quality of the study or studies. , data gaps that must necessarily be filled). Most of the information concerning the health effects of thallium in humans is found in case reports of accidental or intentional acute ingestion of thallium. No information was found on effects after intermediate and chronic exposures. Reports of chronic inhalation exposure in the workplace exist; however, these are limited to sites outside the United States. No information was found on effects of thallium after acute and intermediate inhalation exposure or on effects after acute, intermediate, or chronic dermal exposures.

Based on human and animal data, cardiovascular effects may be an area of concern following thallium exposure. Musculoskeletal Effects. Very little information was found on the effects of thallium on muscles. Myopathic changes included fiber necrosis, fiber splitting, and central nucleation (Limos et al. 1982). It should be noted that these effects occurred in cases involving axon degeneration of the nerve. It is, therefore, not clear if the effects observed were due to a direct toxic effect on muscle or were the result of rapid atrophy of the paralyzed muscle secondary to severe axonal degeneration.

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Toxicological profiles - Thallium by Unknown


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