Download e-book for kindle: The Invention of the Creek Nation, 1670-1763 by Steven C. Hahn

By Steven C. Hahn

ISBN-10: 0803224141

ISBN-13: 9780803224148

Drawing on archaeological facts and using usually overlooked Spanish resource fabric, The Invention of the Creek state, 1670–1763, explores the political heritage of the Creek Indians of Georgia and Alabama and the emergence of the Creek state in the course of the colonial period within the American Southeast. partly a research of Creek overseas kin, this e-book examines the construction and alertness of the “neutrality” policy—defined right here because the Coweta answer of 1718—for which the Creeks have lengthy been well-known, in an period marked by way of the imperial fight for the yank South.

Also a learn of the tradition of inner Creek politics, this paintings exhibits the endurance of a “traditional” kinship-based political method during which city and extended family association remained supremely very important. those traditions, coupled with political intrusions of the region’s 3 eu powers, promoted the unfold of Creek factionalism and mitigated the improvement of a neighborhood Creek Confederacy. yet whereas traditions continued, the fight to take care of territorial integrity opposed to Britain additionally promoted political innovation. during this context, the territorially outlined Creek country emerged as a felony suggestion within the period of the French and Indian battle, as imperial rules of an past period gave technique to the territorial politics that marked the start of a brand new one.

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The most conspicuous evidence for this can be found in the Creeks’ dualistic political structure, which featured two political hierarchies, one civil and the other military. The Creeks’ dual system of government reflected their more general dualistic view of the natural world, which they described using an array of metaphors that connoted opposing principles: male-female, old-young, and peace-war. The Creeks, like most Southern Indians, represented this dualistic view of the universe using the colors white and red.

53 The opportunity to fulfill Shaftesbury’s orders eventually came in October 1674, when ten Westo Indians approached Shaftesbury’s St. Giles plantations, asking for trade. Woodward accompanied the Westos to their town on the Savannah River, received an honorary welcome from the town’s inhabitants, and cemented the short-lived EnglishWesto alliance. Woodward, moreover, used this opportunity to “view the adjacent part of the country” and acquire information about other Indian peoples living in the deep interior.

As the cult of the Mississippian chiefs waned and as new groups coalesced, this dual structure was expanded to delegate political authority to recently incorporated groups, potentially giving every inhabitant (or every male inhabitant, at least) some say in village affairs. Delegating at least some local authority to secondary clans was not only the politically expedient thing to do but may have been necessary due to the fact that Creek clans were exogamous (meaning those reckoned to be members of the same matrilineal clan and other closely affiliated clans of the same moiety were prohibited from intermarrying).

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The Invention of the Creek Nation, 1670-1763 by Steven C. Hahn


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