The Biology of Disturbed Habitats by Lawrence R. Walker PDF
By Lawrence R. Walker
ISBN-10: 0199575290
ISBN-13: 9780199575299
This booklet offers the 1st international synthesis of the biology of disturbed habitats and gives readers either the conceptual underpinnings and functional recommendation required to appreciate and tackle the unheard of environmental demanding situations dealing with people. each habitat in the world has been impacted via typical disturbances reminiscent of volcanoes, earthquakes, landslides, fires, floods, and droughts. people have contributed many extra disturbances corresponding to mining, urbanization, forestry, agriculture, fishing, and game. those anthropogenic disturbances alter and infrequently exacerbate the results of the usual disturbances. jointly, they bring about the abrupt lack of biomass or surroundings constitution and serve as to create denuded surfaces the place novel combinations of local and non-native microbes, vegetation, and animals determine, develop, and die. The Biology of Disturbed Habitats examines either average and anthropogenic disturbances in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. It explores how foodstuff and productiveness are altered within the disturbed habitats, the consequences of disturbance on biodiversity, and the spatial and temporal dynamics of organisms that colonize disturbed habitats. This e-book additionally addresses find out how to deal with disturbances via acceptable conservation and recovery measures, and discusses how weather switch and overpopulation now signify the main tough disturbances at a world scale.
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Extra info for The Biology of Disturbed Habitats
Example text
See text for further explanation. (From Beisner et al. 5 Intermediate disturbance hypothesis The intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH) has been a remarkably robust proposal that species diversity (see Chapter 6) is maximal when disturbance frequency and extent are intermediate. The IDH also suggests that species diversity peaks in mid succession (Grime 1973; Connell 1978). The implication is that at high disturbance frequency (and extent), many species die and that at low disturbance frequency (and extent) a few species with superior competitive abilities exclude most other species.
Coastal dunes are subject to disruption from wave erosion and salt spray, whereas all terrestrial dunes are subject to wind erosion, sand deposition, and droughts. Blowouts are depressions formed by wind erosion of dunes and feature higher wind speeds and more salt spray penetration inland than on intact coastal dunes. Dune intensity is measured by rate of advance, extent by the size of the active dune fields, and severity by damage to property and organisms, depending on their tolerance to burial by sand.
Despite our lack of control over most volcanoes, we can study natural recovery following volcanic eruptions and use that knowledge to restore ecosystems damaged by volcanoes or disturbances that create similar surfaces (Walker and del Moral 2003). Volcanoes, or the surface eruption of magma from the earth’s interior, occur mostly along the edges of continental plates that are shifting in response to temperature changes and magma below. Seventy-five per cent of all active volcanoes (ones that have erupted in the last 10 000 years) are found around the edge of the Pacific Ocean (the Pacific Ring of Fire), particularly in Kamchatka (Russia), Japan, and Indonesia.
The Biology of Disturbed Habitats by Lawrence R. Walker
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