Get Reputation and Power: Organizational Image and PDF
By Daniel Carpenter
ISBN-10: 0691141800
ISBN-13: 9780691141800
The U.S. foodstuff and Drug management is the main strong regulatory corporation on the planet. How did the FDA develop into so influential? and the way precisely does it wield its amazing strength? Reputation and gear traces the background of FDA rules of prescribed drugs, revealing how the agency's organizational attractiveness has been the first resource of its strength, but additionally one among its final constraints.
Daniel wood worker describes how the FDA cultivated a name for competence and vigilance during the final century, and the way this organizational photograph has enabled the organization to manage an as strong as American prescription drugs whereas resisting efforts to lessen its personal authority. chippie explains how the FDA's attractiveness and gear have performed out between committees in Congress, and with drug businesses, advocacy teams, the media, study hospitals and universities, and governments in Europe and India. He indicates how FDA regulatory energy has encouraged the best way that enterprise, medication, and technological know-how are performed within the usa and around the globe. alongside the best way, wood worker deals new insights into the healing revolution of the Forties and Fifties; the Eighties AIDS situation; the arrival of oral contraceptives and melanoma chemotherapy; the increase of antiregulatory conservatism; and the FDA's waning impact in drug law today.
Reputation and tool demonstrates how attractiveness shapes the ability and behaviour of presidency organizations, and sheds new gentle on how that strength is used and contested.
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Extra info for Reputation and Power: Organizational Image and Pharmaceutical Regulation at the FDA
Sample text
6 kBq/kg) (Dougherty 1970). Maximum depression in granular leukocytes and monocytes was reached approximately 1 month post injection. Depression of lymphocytes occurred more slowly; minimal values were reached 1 year or more post injection. 4 Neurological Effects No reports were located regarding neurological effects in humans or animals following acute-, intermediateor chronic-duration exposure to americium by routes other than inhalation, oral, dermal, or external exposure. ***DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT*** AMERICIUM 28 3.
0 µg/kg 20–30 days (retention) Thomas et al. 69 ND ~60 days (retention) Craig et al. 1975 3. HEALTH EFFECTS ***DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT*** Exposure Exposure concentrationa Animal model Table 3-1. 74 35% 1,150 nCi 355 ng Lung retention or absorption half-timeb Reference 20–30 days 120 days 400 days (retention) Craig et al. 0 45 nCi/kg 14 ng/kg 11 days 200 days (retention) Stather et al. 4 ng/kg 95 days (89%) 2,800 days (11%) (retention) Stanley et al. 042 ng/kg 2,000 days >10,000 days (absorption) Stradling et al.
3 kBq) from a source used by the father for private experiments. Chromosomal aberrations in isolated leukocytes were noted to be similar to those observed in other cases of accidental or therapeutic exposure to external radiation sources (Kelly and Dagle 1974). The cytogenetic damage observed was low and only grossly comparable to historical control values available to the authors. The limited human data do not indicate a significant genotoxic response to inhaled americium. No reports were located regarding genotoxic effects in animals following intermediate- or chronic-duration inhalation exposure to americium.
Reputation and Power: Organizational Image and Pharmaceutical Regulation at the FDA by Daniel Carpenter
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