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Additional resources for Preservation of Random Megascale Events on Mars and Earth: Influence on Geologic History (GSA Special Paper 453)

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2009 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved. 25 26 Baker continuously Dead and Dry Except during the Noachian (MIDDEN). 8 Ga ago). , Baker, 2001, 2004, 2005). In light of the new evidence, the original Baker et al. , 2000; see also, Kargel, 2004). On Earth, the oceans are integral to long-term climate change. Their currents distribute heat between the equator and the poles. For example, the Gulf Stream flows at discharges of up to 100 sverdrups (Sv), involving relatively slow-moving water 1 km in depth and 50–75 km wide.

2003 ) Lake spillways Maadim Vallis Mangala Vallis Irwin et al. (2004) Zimbelman et al. (1992) Hydrostatic pressure in large-scale confined aquifers Chryse Channels Carr (1979, 2000) Liquefaction and mudflows Ravi Vallis Nummedal and Prior (1981) Pressurized water release Mangala Vallis Tanaka and Chapman (1990) From fractures, graben, dikes Athabasca Vallis Burr et al. (2002) Decompression of CO2 General Hoffman (2000) Decompression/melting of CO2 and expulsion of water General Milton (1974); Komatsu et al.

Without the moderating influence of ocean-atmosphere interactions, annual temperatures everywhere would remain below freezing. As on Mars, however, there would be huge diurnal and seasonal temperature oscillations, so that local summer temperatures would reach afternoon highs above freezing. The cycling of water would be extremely limited, dominated by sublimation instead of evaporation, even though immense reservoirs of water would be present beneath the frozen surfaces of the oceans. The resolution to the “faint young sun paradox” is generally believed to be the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide.

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