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Additional resources for Pipeline risk management manual : ideas, techniques, and resources, third edition

Example text

Of course, the 2600-ft length presents more overall risk than does the 100-A length, because it has many more risk-producing points. Note: With regard to length sensitivity, a cumulative risk calculation adds the length aspect so that a 100-A length ofpipeline with one risk score can be compared against a 2600-A length with a different risk score. Use of judgment: As with any risk assessment methodology, some subjectivity in the form of expert opinion and engineering judgments are required when “hard” data provide incomplete knowledge.

This means that provisions for resource allocation modeling and the evolution ofthe overall risk model must be made. The ideal risk assessment will readily highlight specific deficiencies and point to appropriate mitigation possibilities. We noted previously that some risk assessment techniques are more appropriately considered to be “building blocks” while others are complete models. This distinction has to do with the risk assessment’s ability to not only measure risks, but also to directly support risk management.

These more elaborate models are generally more costly than other risk assessments. They are technologicallymore demanding to develop, require trained operators, and need extensive data. A detailed PRA is usually the most expensive of the risk assessmenttechniques. The output of a PRA is usually in a form whereby its output can be directly compared to other risks such as motor vehicle fatalities or tornado damages. However, in rare-event occurrences,historical data present an arguably blurred view.

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