Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Cough by K. F. Chung, J. G. Widdicombe (auth.), Kian Fan Chung, John PDF
By K. F. Chung, J. G. Widdicombe (auth.), Kian Fan Chung, John Widdicombe (eds.)
ISBN-10: 3540798412
ISBN-13: 9783540798415
ISBN-10: 3540798420
ISBN-13: 9783540798422
The final decade or so has obvious striking advances in our wisdom of cough. this is applicable in particular to its uncomplicated mechanisms: the kinds of airway sensors, the phar- cological receptors on their membranes, the brainstem association of the ‘cough centre’, and the involvement of the cerebral cortex within the sensations and the vol- tary keep watch over of cough. aside from the final of those, approximately all of the stories were on experimental animals instead of people, for noticeable purposes. One team of experimental stories has specific relevance to human sufferers, and that's the demonstration of the sensitization of cough pathways either within the outer edge and within the brainstem. related sensitizations were proven for sufferers with persistent cough or who've been uncovered to pollution, and it truly is moderate to feel that this is often the root in their cough and that the underlying mechanisms are regularly comparable in people and different species. very important advances also are being made in scientific cough examine. For the 3 major explanations of medical cough, bronchial asthma, post-nasal drip syndrome, and gast- oesophageal re?ux sickness, we're starting to comprehend the pathological approaches concerned. There continues to be a diagnostically stubborn staff of idiopathic persistent coughers, yet even for them techniques are being devised to elucidate und- mendacity mechanisms and to set up diagnoses. maybe strangely, the ?eld during which there was the least dazzling - vance is the treatment of cough.
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Additional info for Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Cough
Sample text
24 24 27 31 35 37 39 40 Abstract The afferent nerves regulating cough have been reasonably well defined. The selective effects of general anesthesia on C-fiber-dependent cough and the opposing effects of C-fiber subtypes in cough have led to some uncertainty about their regulation of this defensive reflex. But a role for C-fibers in cough seems almost certain, given the unique pharmacological properties of these unmyelinated vagal afferent nerves and the ability of many C-fiber-selective stimulants to evoke cough.
2006; Gestreau et al. 1997; Jakus et al. 2008; Ohi et al. 2005; Shannon et al. 2004), but to date there have been no electrophysiological or functional studies definitively implicating specific nTS subnuclei as primary sites of cough receptor or tracheal/bronchial C-fiber termination. There are several potential explanations for this gap in our knowledge. For starters, while any brainstem recording in a freely breathing animal is problematic, it would be especially problematic in an animal that was coughing.
2006a; Fox et al. 1995; Mazzone and McGovern 2006; McAlexander and Undem 2000). No other stimuli thus far studied, including a variety of autacoids and neurotransmitters and ion channel modulators, alter cough receptor excitability or the ability of acid or mechanical stimuli to initiate coughing in guinea pigs. Cough Sensors. I. Physiological and Pharmacological Properties 31 4 Intrapulmonary Rapidly Adapting Receptors The term “rapidly adapting receptor” (RAR) was originally used to describe a subtype of airway and lung stretch receptor that is activated during the dynamic phase of lung inflation, but that unlike SARs becomes quiescent during static lung inflation (Knowlton and Larrabee 1946; Widdicombe 1954a).
Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Cough by K. F. Chung, J. G. Widdicombe (auth.), Kian Fan Chung, John Widdicombe (eds.)
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