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Extra info for Pavement materials for heat island mitigation : design and management strategies

Example text

The only study found is one that was done by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) [5,16]. 2 Methodology to analyze the impacts of shade trees, cool roofs, and cool pavements on energy use and air quality (smog) [5,16]. 2 and summarized as follows: 1. Obtaining local full-year hourly weather data with and without modification as input to the DOE-2 building energy simulation program; 2. Defining prototypical buildings for each city; 3. Simulating the base heating and cooling energy use for each prototype; 4.

With regard to mechanically controlled indoor environments, a comfortable outdoor condition helps reduce the demand on energy for cooling or heating. Evaluating and improving outdoor environments by using outdoor comfort index is an important step toward achieving sustainable urban environments. 1 Surface and Near-Surface Air Temperature Influences on Energy Demand Surface temperature is the “skin” temperature of a surface, and nearsurface air temperature is generally defined as the air temperature usually within the 2 m above the street level.

Similar to albedo, if the increased radiation from pavements goes back out directly into the space far away with very little absorbed by the air, it might help reduce heat islands. , building or vehicle surfaces), it might not effectively help reduce heat islands in the urban canopy. 2 Enhancement of Evaporation from Pavements Evaporation of water requires heat energy to achieve a phase change of water from liquid to gas. This process absorbs heat energy from surroundings and cools them down. The use of evaporative cooling could reduce pavement temperature and consequently air temperature through latent heat lost by the phase change of water (from liquid to gas) when moisture exists in the pavements or in the underlying soils or is sprinkled on hot pavement surfaces.

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