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Stebbings (1970) reported that one female struggled so violently it broke a humerus. He also recorded that the incidence of bats found with severe or fatal injuries was much higher (23%) in P. austriacus than in P. auritus (30/0), and suggested this may have been due to intraspecific aggression. This characteristic varies among individuals, but excessive aggression in an adult bat, together with other characteristics, could well identify it as P. austriacus. Gaisler et al. (1990) studied the two species in the Czech Republic and reported that a characteristic of P.

Austriacus than in P. auritus (30/0), and suggested this may have been due to intraspecific aggression. This characteristic varies among individuals, but excessive aggression in an adult bat, together with other characteristics, could well identify it as P. austriacus. Gaisler et al. (1990) studied the two species in the Czech Republic and reported that a characteristic of P. austriacus colonies was a low concentration of individuals which used a large number of roosts. This may well be associated with a high degree of intraspecific aggression.

While hovering in front of potential prey, they were more likely to remain silent than to produce echolocation pulses echolocation calls were recorded in only 24% of sequences in which hovering occurred Diet 39 (Anderson and Racey, 1993). e. the distance from the prey to the place where the bat chose to hover) was relatively constant; it did not differ significantly between sequences with and without echolocation and it may have been related to the intensity of prey sounds. 04) in sequences in which echolocation was not used.

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