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Additional info for Lexical semantics and diachronic morphology: The development of -hood, -dom and -ship in the history of English (Linguistische Arbeiten)

Sample text

Stress is on hót whereas in (22) b. stress in on dóg. Note that stress could occur on dogs in the first sentence, and on hot in the second sentence, but then the meaning of the sentence would be completely different. As discussed above, Aronoff & Fudeman also mention that although stress could be taken as a criterion to define compounds, the stress patterns may differ from speaker to speaker (for one speaker gínger ale is pronounced with main stress on the first element and thus a compound, whereas for another speaker it has its main stress on the last element, in which case the whole complex is a phrase).

By this analysis a minimum of three forms – the original base, the form which reanalyses it to create a new rule, and a subsequent use of the new rule – are required to prove productivity, and larger numbers provide more convincing proof. Zweisam remains a matter of creativity. ( (Bauer 2001: 71)) Thus, the changing of a rule and the exploitation of this rule are indicators for a productive rule. As long as a formation is modelled on an already existing lexeme it is an analogical formation based on an already existing pattern without a rule change.

Another study that I will briefly discuss is Bauer’s study (2002) on PG *-d¯om because this element will also be investigated in detail in chapter 4. Moreover, this study shows that productivity can also be investigated from a comparative perspective. In his study on the suffix -ment Bauer (2001) he notes that the productivity of this morphological category changes over time, implying that, apart from the comparative perspective, he also takes the diachronic perspective into consideration. 000 words.

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