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By Shaw A M
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Additional info for Astrochemistry[c] From Astronomy to Astrobiology
Sample text
Inoue N, Venema RC, Sayegh HS, Ohara Y, Murphy TJ, Harrision DC. Molecular regulation of the bovine endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase by transforming growth factor beta. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1995; 15:1255–1261. Arnal JR, Yamin J, Dockery S, Harrision DG. Regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA protein and activity during cell growth. Am J Physiol 1994; 36: C1381–C1388. Flower MA, Wang Y, Stewart RJ, Patel M, Marsden PA. Reciprocal regulation of endothelin-1 and endothelial constitutive NOS in proliferating endothelial cells.
However, eNOS seems to be mainly regulated by its activity. , bradykinin, serotonin, histamine, and thrombin) increases eNOS enzymatic activity at least in part through an increase in intracellular free calcium. eNOS was initially thought to be, like nNOS, a soluble protein (36,37). However, subsequent studies clearly showed that the majority of eNOS resides in the particulate fractions of cells (38,39). The purified particulate eNOS was, however, found to have a number of similarities to nNOS. For instance, eNOS requires calcium, calmodulin, NADPH (40), and BH 4 (41) for full activity.
Destruction of the heme after binding is one approach toward NOS inhibition. , 1- and 2-phenyl imidazoles) may rely on their ability to coordinate with heme (90). However, these imidazole derivatives inhibit NOS with diverse efficiencies and selectivities. Indazole and other indazole analogs such as 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) have been described as reasonably good NOS inhibitors, with selectivity toward nNOS (91). 12 Belvisi et al. VIII. Effector Mechanisms Utilized by NO A. Activation of Guanylyl Cyclase Organic nitrates such as amyl nitrate or glycerol trinitrate have been used clinically for the treatment of angina pectoris for over 100 years.
Astrochemistry[c] From Astronomy to Astrobiology by Shaw A M
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