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Additional info for Intelligent Software Agents: Foundations and Applications

Sample text

An agent requires its intelligence to provide its significant characteristics, such as autonomy, cooperation or proactivity, and so differ from traditional software programs. The representation of an agent as a black box is accepted in all scientific disciplines, because the model is kept sufficiently general and so can satisfy all special requirements. However, from the architectonic viewpoint, it provides only very rudimentary information on the specific internal structure of an intelligent agent.

A fast reaction with a result of satisfactory quality for the associated situation is often more appropriate in dynamic environments than striving for optimum plans. In contrast, deliberative agents often prefer the mathematical proof of a plan over the efficiency of the planning process. These considerations lead to a concept diametrically opposed to deliberative agents, so-called reactive agents. Reactive agents do not possess an internal symbolic model of their environment. Even the capability to perform complex reasoning processes is largely omitted.

The specific form of the sensors (and also the actuators) depends very heavily on the objects monitored by the sensor. For example, sensors for information recording from people can concentrate on speech or text recognition, whereas sensors that monitor other agents can use simple communications procedures for their work. The information gathered by a sensor is passed to the corresponding competence module. The transfer is normally made in raw format, that is, no higher communications languages or symbolic representations are used.

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